NATURA E CULTURA, SINTESI MEDITERRANEA di Giampiero Indelli – Numero 2 – Ottobre 2015

art_indelli-copertina
cat-ambiente
cat-cultura
il-parco-nazionale-del

A volte basta una sillaba per fare la differenza. 
Come ogni anno, alla fine dell’estate, gli amici mi raccontano le loro vacanze. Molti sono stati nel Salento. Pochi mi hanno detto di essere andati nel Cilento. Chi l’ha fatto, è andato al mare, in uno dei tanti paesi lungo la costa. Nessuno mi ha detto di aver fatto escursioni nel Cilento interno. Non sanno quello che si sono persi.

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} } } function huge_it_cubeH_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { /* Set to half of image width.*/ var dimension = jQuery(current_image_class).width() / 2; if (direction == 'right') { huge_it_cube_16(dimension, dimension, 0, 0, 90, 0, -90, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } else if (direction == 'left') { huge_it_cube_16(dimension, -dimension, 0, 0, -90, 0, 90, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } } function huge_it_cubeV_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { /* Set to half of image height.*/ var dimension = jQuery(current_image_class).height() / 2; /* If next slide.*/ if (direction == 'right') { huge_it_cube_16(dimension, 0, -dimension, 90, 0, -90, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } else if (direction == 'left') { huge_it_cube_16(dimension, 0, dimension, -90, 0, 90, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } } /* For browsers that does not support transitions.*/ function huge_it_fallback_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { huge_it_fade_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } /* For browsers that support transitions, but not 3d transforms (only used if primary transition makes use of 3d-transforms).*/ function huge_it_fallback3d_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { huge_it_sliceV_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_none_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { jQuery(current_image_class).css({'opacity' : 0, 'z-index': 1}); jQuery(next_image_class).css({'opacity' : 1, 'z-index' : 2}); /* Set active thumbnail.*/ jQuery(".huge_it_slideshow_dots_16").removeClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16").addClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_deactive_16"); jQuery("#huge_it_dots_" + huge_it_current_key_16 + "_16").removeClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_deactive_16").addClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16"); } function huge_it_fade_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { if (huge_it_testBrowser_cssTransitions_16()) { jQuery(next_image_class).css('transition', 'opacity ' + huge_it_transition_duration_16 + 'ms linear'); jQuery(current_image_class).css('transition', 'opacity ' + huge_it_transition_duration_16 + 'ms linear'); jQuery(current_image_class).css({'opacity' : 0, 'z-index': 1}); jQuery(next_image_class).css({'opacity' : 1, 'z-index' : 2}); } else { jQuery(current_image_class).animate({'opacity' : 0, 'z-index' : 1}, huge_it_transition_duration_16); jQuery(next_image_class).animate({ 'opacity' : 1, 'z-index': 2 }, { duration: huge_it_transition_duration_16, complete: function () {return false;} }); // For IE. jQuery(current_image_class).fadeTo(huge_it_transition_duration_16, 0); jQuery(next_image_class).fadeTo(huge_it_transition_duration_16, 1); } jQuery(".huge_it_slideshow_dots_16").removeClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16").addClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_deactive_16"); jQuery("#huge_it_dots_" + huge_it_current_key_16 + "_16").removeClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_deactive_16").addClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16"); } function huge_it_grid_16(cols, rows, ro, tx, ty, sc, op, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { /* If browser does not support CSS transitions.*/ if (!huge_it_testBrowser_cssTransitions_16()) { jQuery(".huge_it_slideshow_dots_16").removeClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16").addClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_deactive_16"); jQuery("#huge_it_dots_" + huge_it_current_key_16 + "_16").removeClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_deactive_16").addClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16"); return huge_it_fallback_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } huge_it_trans_in_progress_16 = true; /* Set active thumbnail.*/ jQuery(".huge_it_slideshow_dots_16").removeClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16").addClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_deactive_16"); jQuery("#huge_it_dots_" + huge_it_current_key_16 + "_16").removeClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_deactive_16").addClass("huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16"); /* The time (in ms) added to/subtracted from the delay total for each new gridlet.*/ var count = (huge_it_transition_duration_16) / (cols + rows); /* Gridlet creator (divisions of the image grid, positioned with background-images to replicate the look of an entire slide image when assembled)*/ function huge_it_gridlet(width, height, top, img_top, left, img_left, src, imgWidth, imgHeight, c, r) { var delay = (c + r) * count; /* Return a gridlet elem with styles for specific transition.*/ return jQuery('
').css({ width : width, height : height, top : top, left : left, backgroundImage : 'url("' + src + '")', backgroundColor: jQuery(".huge_it_slideshow_image_wrap_16").css("background-color"), /*backgroundColor: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0),*/ backgroundRepeat: 'no-repeat', backgroundPosition : img_left + 'px ' + img_top + 'px', backgroundSize : imgWidth + 'px ' + imgHeight + 'px', transition : 'all ' + huge_it_transition_duration_16 + 'ms ease-in-out ' + delay + 'ms', transform : 'none' }); } /* Get the current slide's image.*/ var cur_img = jQuery(current_image_class).find('img'); /* Create a grid to hold the gridlets.*/ var grid = jQuery('
').addClass('huge_it_grid_16'); /* Prepend the grid to the next slide (i.e. so it's above the slide image).*/ jQuery(current_image_class).prepend(grid); /* vars to calculate positioning/size of gridlets*/ var cont = jQuery(".huge_it_slide_bg_16"); var imgWidth = cur_img.width(); var imgHeight = cur_img.height(); var contWidth = cont.width(), contHeight = cont.height(), imgSrc = cur_img.attr('src'),/*.replace('/thumb', ''),*/ colWidth = Math.floor(contWidth / cols), rowHeight = Math.floor(contHeight / rows), colRemainder = contWidth - (cols * colWidth), colAdd = Math.ceil(colRemainder / cols), rowRemainder = contHeight - (rows * rowHeight), rowAdd = Math.ceil(rowRemainder / rows), leftDist = 0, img_leftDist = (jQuery(".huge_it_slide_bg_16").width() - cur_img.width()) / 2; /* tx/ty args can be passed as 'auto'/'min-auto' (meaning use slide width/height or negative slide width/height).*/ tx = tx === 'auto' ? contWidth : tx; tx = tx === 'min-auto' ? - contWidth : tx; ty = ty === 'auto' ? contHeight : ty; ty = ty === 'min-auto' ? - contHeight : ty; /* Loop through cols*/ for (var i = 0; i 0) { var add = colRemainder >= colAdd ? colAdd : colRemainder; newColWidth += add; colRemainder -= add; } /* Nested loop to create row gridlets for each col.*/ for (var j = 0; j 0) { add = newRowRemainder >= rowAdd ? rowAdd : rowRemainder; newRowHeight += add; newRowRemainder -= add; } /* Create & append gridlet to grid.*/ grid.append(huge_it_gridlet(newColWidth, newRowHeight, topDist, img_topDst, leftDist, img_leftDist, imgSrc, imgWidth, imgHeight, i, j)); topDist += newRowHeight; img_topDst -= newRowHeight; } img_leftDist -= newColWidth; leftDist += newColWidth; } /* Set event listener on last gridlet to finish transitioning.*/ var last_gridlet = grid.children().last(); /* Show grid & hide the image it replaces.*/ grid.show(); cur_img.css('opacity', 0); /* Add identifying classes to corner gridlets (useful if applying border radius).*/ grid.children().first().addClass('rs-top-left'); grid.children().last().addClass('rs-bottom-right'); grid.children().eq(rows - 1).addClass('rs-bottom-left'); grid.children().eq(- rows).addClass('rs-top-right'); /* Execution steps.*/ setTimeout(function () { grid.children().css({ opacity: op, transform: 'rotate('+ ro +'deg) translateX('+ tx +'px) translateY('+ ty +'px) scale('+ sc +')' }); }, 1); jQuery(next_image_class).css('opacity', 1); /* After transition.*/ jQuery(last_gridlet).one('webkitTransitionEnd transitionend otransitionend oTransitionEnd mstransitionend', jQuery.proxy(huge_it_after_trans)); function huge_it_after_trans() { jQuery(current_image_class).css({'opacity' : 0, 'z-index': 1}); jQuery(next_image_class).css({'opacity' : 1, 'z-index' : 2}); cur_img.css('opacity', 1); grid.remove(); huge_it_trans_in_progress_16 = false; if (typeof event_stack_16 !== 'undefined' && event_stack_16.length > 0) { key = event_stack_16[0].split("-"); event_stack_16.shift(); huge_it_change_image_16(key[0], key[1], data_16, true,false); } } } function huge_it_sliceH_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { if (direction == 'right') { var translateX = 'min-auto'; } else if (direction == 'left') { var translateX = 'auto'; } huge_it_grid_16(1, 8, 0, translateX, 0, 1, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_sliceV_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { if (direction == 'right') { var translateY = 'min-auto'; } else if (direction == 'left') { var translateY = 'auto'; } huge_it_grid_16(10, 1, 0, 0, translateY, 1, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_slideV_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { if (direction == 'right') { var translateY = 'auto'; } else if (direction == 'left') { var translateY = 'min-auto'; } huge_it_grid_16(1, 1, 0, 0, translateY, 1, 1, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_slideH_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { if (direction == 'right') { var translateX = 'min-auto'; } else if (direction == 'left') { var translateX = 'auto'; } huge_it_grid_16(1, 1, 0, translateX, 0, 1, 1, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_scaleOut_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { huge_it_grid_16(1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1.5, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_scaleIn_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { huge_it_grid_16(1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0.5, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_blockScale_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { huge_it_grid_16(8, 6, 0, 0, 0, .6, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_kaleidoscope_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { huge_it_grid_16(10, 8, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_fan_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { if (direction == 'right') { var rotate = 45; var translateX = 100; } else if (direction == 'left') { var rotate = -45; var translateX = -100; } huge_it_grid_16(1, 10, rotate, translateX, 0, 1, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function huge_it_blindV_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { huge_it_grid_16(1, 8, 0, 0, 0, .7, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class); } function huge_it_blindH_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { huge_it_grid_16(10, 1, 0, 0, 0, .7, 0, current_image_class, next_image_class); } function huge_it_random_16(current_image_class, next_image_class, direction) { var anims = ['sliceH', 'sliceV', 'slideH', 'slideV', 'scaleOut', 'scaleIn', 'blockScale', 'kaleidoscope', 'fan', 'blindH', 'blindV']; /* Pick a random transition from the anims array.*/ this["huge_it_" + anims[Math.floor(Math.random() * anims.length)] + "_16"](current_image_class, next_image_class, direction); } function iterator_16() { return 1; } function huge_it_change_image_16(current_key, key, data_16, from_effect, clicked) { if (data_16[key]) { if (!from_effect) { // Change image key. jQuery("#huge_it_current_image_key_16").val(key); current_key = jQuery(".huge_it_slideshow_dots_active_16").attr("data-image_key"); 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Il Cilento è un grande Parco nazionale, secondo per superficie (181.048 ettari) soltanto al Parco nazionale del Pollino (182.180 ettari). E’ patrimonio dell’umanità dell’Unesco (con i siti archeologici di Paestum e Velia e la Certosa di Padula) e Riserva della biosfera.

Subito dopo è la lavanda a colorare le pietraie alle falde dei monti. 
I monti cilentani sono crivellati da grotte e cavità, che vengono qui chiamate “grave”. La più famosa è la Grava di Vesalo, un inghiottitoio circondato da un bosco di faggi, a mille metri di altitudine, al confine tra i comuni di Laurino e Valle dell’Angelo. I monti Alburni ospitano, sui due versanti contrapposti, le spettacolari grotte di Pertosa e di Castelcivita. Il fiume Bussento s’inabissa alle porte di Caselle in Pittari e riemerge a Morigerati, cinque chilometri più a valle, all’interno di un’Oasi del WWF, istituita per proteggerne il raro ambiente fluviale. 
Lungo la costa estesi oliveti compongono un paesaggio agrario fra i più belli nel bacino del Mediterraneo. La Costa che va da Marina di Camerota a Scario, chiamata Costa degli Infreschi per le numerose sorgenti di acqua dolce che qui s’immettono nel mare, si snoda per sedici chilometri lungo pareti precipiti nel mare e piccole spiagge accessibili soltanto con una barca.

Sfere-Fine-Pagina

NATURA E CULTURA, SINTESI MEDITERRANEA

 

Giampiero-Indelli

In primavera i vasti altopiani si colorano per la fioritura dei crochi e delle viole. Le ginestre in fiore rivestono intere vallate, offrendo un colpo d’occhio spettacolare. Papaveri e asfodeli, colza e senape colorano intensamente i campi, offrendo spettacoli di grande 

bellezza.

L’isolamento geografico del territorio ne ha preservato ambienti e paesaggi, ancora incredibilmente intatti. Nel perimetro del Parco svettano sette montagne superiori a 1.700 metri di altitudine, fra cui il monte Cervati che, con i suoi 1.898 metri, è la cima più elevata della Campania. I cervi, da cui la montagna ha preso il nome, erano estinti da un paio di secoli. I caprioli invece hanno abitato i boschi del Cilento fino alla metà del secolo scorso. Nel 2005 l’Ente Parco ha reintrodotto alcune coppie di cervi e di caprioli nelle aree interne. In dieci anni la loro popolazione ha superato i 400 capi ed entrambe le specie stanno riconquistando i loro antichi territori. 
In alta quota, le estese pietraie d’altura danno vita a paesaggi di astratta bellezza. Immensi boschi di faggio ricoprono i fianchi delle montagne. In pochi posti d’Italia, come nel Cilento interno, è ancora possibile camminare, per ore, senza incontrare tracce di presenza umana, immersi in una natura ancora primigenia. 
Ai piedi delle faggete s’incontrano estesi boschi di latifoglie. Querce, aceri, ornielli, ontani napoletani, carpini compongono, in autunno, tavolozze di colori da fare invidia ai più famosi boschi del New England. Più in basso è la macchia mediterranea a farla da padrona. Ricopre declivi e colline di un denso mantello verde cupo.

Alte falesie rocciose precipitano in mare, offrendo dimora a falchi pellegrini e corvi imperiali, padroni incontrastati di questi paesaggi di selvaggia ed arcaica bellezza.
Il Cilento è percorso da molti fiumi: quasi tutti presentano ancora acque limpide e una folta vegetazione ripariate. Alcuni sono di particolare fascino: il Calore, il Sammaro in prossimità della sorgente, il Tanagro. I fiumi del Cilento ospitano la più numerosa e vitale popolazione di lontre nel nostro Paese. Su molti fiumi s’incontrano ancora antichi “ponti romani”, dalla caratteristica struttura ad arco a tutto sesto, in pietrame a vista.
Ai piedi del monte Cervati si snodano, una dopo l’altra, le quattro spettacolari gole del fiume Calore, comprese fra alte pareti rocciose precipiti nel corso d’acqua, sormontate dalle ruote lente e maestose dei rapaci.

L’impossibilità di costruire una strada litoranea ha salvato questo straordinario tratto di costa, la più lunga ed integra del Tirreno.

Il Cilento interno potrebbe essere l’oggetto del desiderio per i visitatori del centro-nord Europa, amanti della wilderness e dei paesaggi incontaminati.

E’ un target poco “coltivato”, fino ad oggi, dal marketing turistico. Eppure, se gli italiani dimostrano scarso interesse nei confronti delle vacanze in natura, il turista “non mediterraneo” potrebbe esserne la valida alternativa, in particolare al di fuori del periodo estivo. Già oggi la maggior parte degli escursionisti che si incontrano nel Cilento interno sono stranieri, soprattutto olandesi e tedeschi. Questi ultimi vengono nel Cilento attratti dall’idea romantica di camminare lungamente attraverso paesaggi naturali rimasti come all’epoca del Grand Tour e di ammirare nel contempo i templi di Paestum. L’archeologia è, per loro, quasi una passione nazionale. 
Negli ultimi anni molti agriturismi sono nati nel Cilento interno. 
Sono gestiti spesso da giovani, utilizzando antiche case di famiglia. Così come molti giovani, che hanno ereditato oliveti e vigneti, li hanno “reinventati”, con l’aiuto di valenti tecnici, avviando una produzione di vini ed olii eccellenti, mirata non più al mercato locale, come avveniva un tempo, ma indirizzata ad un pubblico nazionale amante della qualità. Promuovere il turismo nel Cilento interno è anche un modo per premiare quest’ultima generazione che, invertendo una tendenza che durava da secoli, ha deciso di restare nel luogo dov’è nata. Finalmente il sud non è più vissuto come una condanna, da parte di chi ci è nato, ma come una sfida e un’opportunità.